Examinando por Autor "Jacinto José, Lailat de Fátima"
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Ítem Restringido Alternative domestic fish food for rural communities.(Universidad EARTH, 2016-12) Nderitu, Elizabeth Muthoni; Jacinto José, Lailat de Fátima; Gilman, Alex; Calderón Vargas, JoaquínFish food in Africa is largely imported, mainly from European countries, which makes fish production in ponds expensive because fish food costs account for approximately 60 % of the total cost of production. This investigation evaluates the potential use of locally available ingredients in the elaboration of alternative fish food formulas to contribute to the development and sustainability of small-scale fish farmers. The experiment consisted of the evaluation of the potential use of soybean, unpeeled banana, rice bran and moringa, in the elaboration of two homemade fish foods in pellets, for rural African communities, in regions where these raw materials are abundant. The results show that all the materials, except for moringa are viable options for the elaboration of a dry food. Moringa has important nutritional content for the fish, and should be used as fresh leaves and not dried, because of its short shelf life. The experiment contained three fish feed treatments with two repetitions each. Treatment 1 which was made up of moringa and rice bran, Treatment 2, soybean and banana and Treatment 3 was a commercial fish food. Measurements of fish growth and water quality controls were taken every two weeks for 52 days in multiple fish tanks that initiated with 50 juvenile tilapias per tank for each of the three feed types. Based on the statistical analyses, comparative measurements of relative fish weight, survival rate of tilapia and food conversion efficiency, there was no significant difference between the two homemade feeds. However, there were significant differences between both homemade feeds and the commercial food in all parameters, where the commercial food performed better than both the homemade feeds. The experiment shows that it is not viable to use 100 % of the current homemade food as a substitute to the commercial food in rural fish farming because it does not contain sufficiently high levels of protein for juveniles’ fish growth.