Examinando por Autor "Konah, Tamba Abdulai"

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Temperature tolerance and geographical distribution of agricultural pest (Spodoptera frugiperda) and prediction of potential range shifts in response to climate warming.
(Universidad EARTH, 2016-12) Konah, Tamba Abdulai; Gilman, Alex; Soto, Carlomagno
The establishment of temperature tolerance limits and modelling the expansion and geographic distribution of S. frugiperda in response to climate warming are very important issues for its control and management. S. frugiperda belongs to the order of Lepidoptera, is a pest that causes significant economic damages to maize (Zea mays), rice (Oryza sativa), sorghum, alfalfa (Medicago sativa), soybean (Glycine max) and some other vegetables and it has a serious threat to African food security, due to its migration habit and crop infestation. The objective of this study is to evaluate the temperature tolerance limit of S. frugiperda and model a map of its new geographic distribution in Africa, under climatic warming scenarios. The evaluation was done by exposing S. frugiperda larvae to hot and cold temperature ranges. Cold temperatures ranged from 0 ° C to -12 ° C and hot temperatures from 28 ° C to 46 ° C. The evaluation methodology consisted of measuring the diameter and length of each larva, and then placed in a micro centrifuge tube in the TropiCooler and a thermocouple reader, which was used to measure the internal temperature of the TropiCooler. The larvae were checked one hour after reaching the temperature range, Then removed and placed at room temperature, each larvae were check for mortality one and six hours later and recorded. The result showed that the cold tolerance limit was -8.5 ° C and 43 ° C for hot temperature. Climate change has a potential effect on pest expansion and distribution, therefore, climate change variables were used in GIS (Geographic Information System), taking into account data on arable land in Africa, its current distribution, and the projection of climate change by mid 21st century. These data used to generate and model a new map for the future geographical distribution of S. frugiperda. This will help the farmers whose crops can be affected by S. frugiperda to plan for its control and will help decision makers to avoid food security problems in the African continent.