Efecto de extractos vegetales sobre el crecimiento in vitro del hongo Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet.
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2019-12
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Universidad EARTH
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Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet es un hongo que causa la enfermedad llamada Sigatoka negra, siendo este una de las mayores amenazas para la producción bananera ocasionando millonarias pérdidas en este cultivo. Se evaluó el efecto de extractos vegetales sobre el crecimiento In Vitro de M. fijiensis. Se colectaron hojas de banano del clon Valerie, que presentaban síntomas de Sigatoka negra en estadio seis de la enfermedad, este tejido fue cortado en secciones de 2 cm2 e incubado por un período de 48 horas para enseguida ejecutar la descarga de ascosporas en placas Petri con agar agua y extractos de plantas obtenidos usando como disolvente Etanol (E) y Acetato de etilo (AE). Las plantas utilizadas fueron Neem (Azadirachta indica) código CIT-07, Citronella (Cymbopogon sp.) código CIT-08, Swingle (Swinglea glutinosa) código CIT-09, Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) código CIT-10 y Ciprés (Cupressus sp.) código CIT-11. Para la primera parte del ensayo se utilizó una concentración de 500 mg/L de cada extracto en el medio de cultivo, un testigo comercial (Tilt®) a una concentración de 10 mg/L y un testigo absoluto. Se realizó un segundo ensayo con los extractos promisorios CIT-07E, CIT-08E, CIT-08AE y CIT-10AE a concentraciones de 500 mg/L, 50 mg/L y 5 mg/L de extracto en el medio de cultivo. Se evaluó el porcentaje de germinación de ascosporas y elongación de tubos germinativos. Como resultado del primer ensayo CIT-07E y CIT-08E redujeron e inhibieron el crecimiento de tubos germinativos a comparación del testigo absoluto, al igual que los tratamientos CIT-08AE y CIT-10AE que causaron una reducción del crecimiento del tubo germinativo. En el segundo ensayo se encontró que los tratamientos CIT-07E, CIT-08E a concentraciones de 500 mg/L inhiben el crecimiento de tubos germinativos y germinación de ascosporas a comparación de los mismos tratamientos a concentraciones de 50 mg/L y 5 mg/L. Los tratamientos CIT-08AE y CIT-10AE, redujeron el crecimiento de tubos germinativos y germinación de ascosporas en comparación de los mismos tratamientos a concentraciones de 50 mg/L y 5 mg/L.
Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet is a fungus that causes the Black Sigatoka disease, which is one of the biggest threats to banana production, causing millions of losses in this crop. The effect of plant extracts on the In Vitro growth of M. fijiensis was evaluated. Banana leaf tissue of the Valerie clone that presented symptoms of black Sigatoka in stage six of the disease were collected. This tissue was cut into 2 cm2 sections and incubated for a period of 48 hours, after the discharge of ascospores was immediately transferred to Petri dishes with agar water and plant extracts obtained using Ethanol (E) and Ethyl acetate (AE) as solvent. The plant extracts used were Neem (Azadirachta indica) code CIT-07, Citronella (Cymbopogon sp.) code CIT-08, Swingle (Swinglea glutinosa) code CIT-09, Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) code CIT-10 and Cypress (Cupressus sp.) CIT-11 code. For the first part of the test a concentration of 500 mg/L of each extract was used in the culture medium, a commercial control (Tilt®) at a concentration of 10 mg/L and an absolute control. A second trial was performed with the most promising extracts CIT-07E, CIT-08E, CIT-08AE and CIT-10AE at concentrations of 500 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 5 mg/L of extract in the culture medium. The percentage of germination of ascospores and elongation of germinative tubes was evaluated. As a result of the first trial, CIT-07E and CIT-08E reduced and inhibited the growth of germ tubes compared to the absolute control, as did the treatments CIT-08AE and CIT-10AE reduced growth of the germination tube. In the second trial it was found that the treatments CIT-07E, CIT-08E at concentrations of 500 mg/L inhibited the growth of germinative tubes and germination of ascospores compared to the same treatments at concentrations of 50 mg/L and 5 mg/L. The treatments CIT-08AE and CIT-10AE, reduced the growth of germinative tubes and germination of ascospores compared to the same treatments at concentrations of 50 mg/L and 5 mg/L.
Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet is a fungus that causes the Black Sigatoka disease, which is one of the biggest threats to banana production, causing millions of losses in this crop. The effect of plant extracts on the In Vitro growth of M. fijiensis was evaluated. Banana leaf tissue of the Valerie clone that presented symptoms of black Sigatoka in stage six of the disease were collected. This tissue was cut into 2 cm2 sections and incubated for a period of 48 hours, after the discharge of ascospores was immediately transferred to Petri dishes with agar water and plant extracts obtained using Ethanol (E) and Ethyl acetate (AE) as solvent. The plant extracts used were Neem (Azadirachta indica) code CIT-07, Citronella (Cymbopogon sp.) code CIT-08, Swingle (Swinglea glutinosa) code CIT-09, Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) code CIT-10 and Cypress (Cupressus sp.) CIT-11 code. For the first part of the test a concentration of 500 mg/L of each extract was used in the culture medium, a commercial control (Tilt®) at a concentration of 10 mg/L and an absolute control. A second trial was performed with the most promising extracts CIT-07E, CIT-08E, CIT-08AE and CIT-10AE at concentrations of 500 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 5 mg/L of extract in the culture medium. The percentage of germination of ascospores and elongation of germinative tubes was evaluated. As a result of the first trial, CIT-07E and CIT-08E reduced and inhibited the growth of germ tubes compared to the absolute control, as did the treatments CIT-08AE and CIT-10AE reduced growth of the germination tube. In the second trial it was found that the treatments CIT-07E, CIT-08E at concentrations of 500 mg/L inhibited the growth of germinative tubes and germination of ascospores compared to the same treatments at concentrations of 50 mg/L and 5 mg/L. The treatments CIT-08AE and CIT-10AE, reduced the growth of germinative tubes and germination of ascospores compared to the same treatments at concentrations of 50 mg/L and 5 mg/L.
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MYCOSPHAERELLA FIJIENSIS, EXTRACTOS VEGETALES, CONTROL BIOLOGICO, SIGATOKA NEGRA, IN VITRO