Elaboración de envases biodegradables a base de cascarilla de arroz como alternativa para el uso del plástico.
Fecha
2021-12
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Universidad EARTH
Resumen
El estudio se realizó en el Laboratorio de Suelos y Aguas de la Universidad EARTH, se llevó a cabo un ensayo piloto para la elaboración de envases biodegradables a base de cascarilla de arroz, el cual se basó en tres tratamientos con tres repeticiones cada uno, a excepción de la prueba de humedad que contó con cuatro repeticiones, donde se evaluaron el contenido de humedad y resistencia del material. Según los resultados de los análisis foliares y de metales pesados, se determinó que el material es apto para su uso como envase para alimentos, ya que se encuentra bajo los límites máximos permitidos en el Codex Alimentarius. El tratamiento que presentó mejor resultado fue el T3 (40 % cascarilla de arroz), ya que en las pruebas de resistencia al impacto y rigidez obtuvo una media de 54,53 g y 2209,77 g respectivamente; mientras que el T2 (60 % cascarilla de arroz) obtuvo una media de 46,50 y 1186,62 en las pruebas de resistencia al impacto y rigidez; y el T1 (50 % de cascarilla de arroz) una media de 49,07 y 2042,47 en las mismas pruebas. Sin embargo, en la prueba de contenido de humedad el análisis estadístico Tukey indicó que no hubo diferencias significativas entre tratamientos. Basado en estos resultados se comprobó que en cuanto mayor contenido de cascarilla de arroz tenga la mezcla, menor será la resistencia. Además, se determinó que el costo de producción del mejor tratamiento (T3) fue de CRC 521,84 para la producción artesanal y de CRC 330,19 para la producción industrial.
This study was realized in the Water and Soil Laboratory at EARTH University, an initial experiment to produce biodegradable containers based on rice husk was made. It consisted of three treatments with three repetitions each one, an exception of the humidity test which was done four times, where humidity content and material resistance were evaluated. According to the results of the leaves and heavy metals analysis, it was determined that the product is suitable as food container; since it is under the maximum limits allowed by the Codex Alimentarius. The treatment which presented the best result was T3 (40% rice husk), because in the resistance-to impact and rigidity tests, obtained an average of 54,53 g and 2209,77 g respectively; by the other hand, the T2 (60 % rice husk) got an average of 46,50 g and 1186,62 g in the resistance-to impact and rigidity tests; finally, the T1 (50 % rice husk) presented an average of 49,07 g and 2042,47 g for the same analyses. Nevertheless, in the humidity content examination, the statistical analysis Tukey showed that there were no significant differences between the treatments. Based on these results, it was proven that as the percentage of rice husk is greater in the mixture, the less would be the resistance. Besides, it was determined that the production cost of the best treatment (T3) was of CRC 521,84 in artisanal manufacturing and CRC 330,19 for industrial manufacturing.
This study was realized in the Water and Soil Laboratory at EARTH University, an initial experiment to produce biodegradable containers based on rice husk was made. It consisted of three treatments with three repetitions each one, an exception of the humidity test which was done four times, where humidity content and material resistance were evaluated. According to the results of the leaves and heavy metals analysis, it was determined that the product is suitable as food container; since it is under the maximum limits allowed by the Codex Alimentarius. The treatment which presented the best result was T3 (40% rice husk), because in the resistance-to impact and rigidity tests, obtained an average of 54,53 g and 2209,77 g respectively; by the other hand, the T2 (60 % rice husk) got an average of 46,50 g and 1186,62 g in the resistance-to impact and rigidity tests; finally, the T1 (50 % rice husk) presented an average of 49,07 g and 2042,47 g for the same analyses. Nevertheless, in the humidity content examination, the statistical analysis Tukey showed that there were no significant differences between the treatments. Based on these results, it was proven that as the percentage of rice husk is greater in the mixture, the less would be the resistance. Besides, it was determined that the production cost of the best treatment (T3) was of CRC 521,84 in artisanal manufacturing and CRC 330,19 for industrial manufacturing.
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CONTENEDORES, BIODEGRADACION, CASCARILLA DE ARROZ