Evaluación de un esquema de comercialización de agricultura por contrato para pequeños productores en la provincia de Limón, Costa Rica.
Fecha
2017-12
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Universidad EARTH
Resumen
Los sistemas de producción agropecuarios para medianos y pequeños productores, tienen en común la dificultad para responder a las oscilaciones de precio en el mercado, requiriendo de fortalecimiento para mejorar estos procesos, especialmente para recibir precios más justos. Al analizar la situación actual, se propone establecer un plan piloto de una estrategia de comercialización a través de agricultura por contrato “CULTIVARME”. Dando la oportunidad de respaldo económico a productores como medio de apalancamiento financiero. Además de garantizar un comercio directo y justo brindando a los consumidores acceso a productos locales frescos y de calidad, con la finalidad de evaluar su replicación en distintas regiones agrícolas.El proyecto “CULTIVARME” se realizó en la provincia de Limón, Costa Rica, con pequeños productores de la zona y consumidores finales, residentes en la Universidad EARTH, estructurado en cuatro fases: 1) Elaboración plan de negocios, 2) Diagnóstico general, 3) Diseño del proceso logístico y finalmente 4) Aplicación y evaluación del sistema a través de indicadores. Con los resultados obtenidos se identificó la demanda y oferta potencial de productos de la zona, la necesidad de mercados directos y justos, el bajo pago que reciben los productores y el análisis financiero de la estrategia. Además se reflejaron los impactos que causó el proyecto a través de un alto porcentaje de aceptabilidad del modelo de comercialización, concientización de consumo y producción responsable, disminución de la contaminación ambiental y por último el empoderamiento de productores de la estrategia implementada. Con ello se logró concluir que el consumo local es una alternativa estratégica para llegar a una producción sostenible, cumpliendo los aspectos sociales, económicos y ambientales pero se debe analizar la adaptabilidad de los criterios según la región de implementación.
The agricultural production systems for small and medium-scale producers have in common the difficulty to respond to price fluctuations in the market, requiring strengthening to improve these processes, especially to receive fairer prices. After analyzing the current situation, the establishment of a pilot plan for a marketing strategy through contract farming has been proposed “CULTIVARME”, providing economic support to producers as a means of financial leverage. In addition to ensuring direct and fair trade, allowing consumers access to fresh and high-quality local products, in order to assess its replicability in different agricultural regions. The CULTIVARME project was carried out in the province of Limón - Costa Rica, with the help of small producers in the area and final consumers residing at EARTH University. The project was structured in four phases: 1) Elaboration of the business plan, 2) General diagnosis, 3) Design of the logistic process and finally 4) Application and evaluation of the system through indicators. The results obtained identified the potential demand and supply of products from the area, the need for direct and fair markets, the low payment received by producers and the financial analysis of the strategy. In addition, the impacts caused by the project were reflected through a high percentage of acceptability of the marketing model, awareness of consumption and responsible production, reduction of environmental pollution and, finally, the empowerment of producers of the implemented strategy. With this, it was possible to conclude that local consumption is a strategic alternative to reach a sustainable production, fulfilling the social, economic and environmental aspects; however, the adaptability of the criteria should be analyzed according to the region of implementation and understanding their cultural dynamics.
The agricultural production systems for small and medium-scale producers have in common the difficulty to respond to price fluctuations in the market, requiring strengthening to improve these processes, especially to receive fairer prices. After analyzing the current situation, the establishment of a pilot plan for a marketing strategy through contract farming has been proposed “CULTIVARME”, providing economic support to producers as a means of financial leverage. In addition to ensuring direct and fair trade, allowing consumers access to fresh and high-quality local products, in order to assess its replicability in different agricultural regions. The CULTIVARME project was carried out in the province of Limón - Costa Rica, with the help of small producers in the area and final consumers residing at EARTH University. The project was structured in four phases: 1) Elaboration of the business plan, 2) General diagnosis, 3) Design of the logistic process and finally 4) Application and evaluation of the system through indicators. The results obtained identified the potential demand and supply of products from the area, the need for direct and fair markets, the low payment received by producers and the financial analysis of the strategy. In addition, the impacts caused by the project were reflected through a high percentage of acceptability of the marketing model, awareness of consumption and responsible production, reduction of environmental pollution and, finally, the empowerment of producers of the implemented strategy. With this, it was possible to conclude that local consumption is a strategic alternative to reach a sustainable production, fulfilling the social, economic and environmental aspects; however, the adaptability of the criteria should be analyzed according to the region of implementation and understanding their cultural dynamics.
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PRODUCTOS AGRICOLAS, MERCADEO, CONTRATACION, LIMON, COSTA RICA