Comparación de tratamientos pregerminativos en semillas de tres especies maderables : gallinazo (Schizolobium parahyba), teca (Tectona grandis) y roble sabana (Tabebuia rosea).
Fecha
2018-12
Autores
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad EARTH
Resumen
El presente estudio tiene como objetivo comparar tres tratamientos pregerminativos con agua a diferentes temperaturas y dos tipos de sustratos como una alternativa económica y practica ante las técnicas convencionales como la escarificación, estratificación o uso de químicos. Los tratamientos fueron aplicados a las semillas de: Schizolobium parahyba (gallinazo), Tectona grandis (teca) y Tabebuia rosea (roble sabana), las cuales presentan una testa muy resistente, resistente y casi nula, respectivamente con la intención se romper su periodo de dormancia y estimular su germinación. El ensayo se realizó en el vivero forestal de la Universidad EARTH, en cajas de germinación de madera con una separación de 20 cm2 x 30 cm2 para cada unidad experimental. Los tratamientos fueron el testigo (Test), agua caliente a 40 °C (T1), 70 °C (T2), y 100 °C (T3) y tipos de sustrato arena (A) y arena+turba (A+S). Luego de tratadas las semillas fueron sumergidas en una solución de fungicida (VITAVAX 300) y sembradas 20 semillas por cada unidad experimental con tres repeticiones. Se aplicó riego y se registró datos cada miércoles y sábado, desde el día 6 hasta el día 42 después de la siembra. Para el S. parahyba se obtuvo resultados únicamente con el tratamiento T3 siendo el mejor de ellos en el sustrato A, mientras que en el sustrato A+S alcanzó un menor porcentaje de germinación en un mayor tiempo. Las semillas de T. rosea se vieron mejor estimuladas en el tratamiento T1 en sustrato A+S con la mayor capacidad de germinación, seguida del tratamiento Test en sustrato A donde a pesar de presentar levemente una menor capacidad de germinación lo hizo en un tiempo menor. Finalmente, para las semillas de T. rosea se evidenció una mejor respuesta en su capacidad y tiempo de germinación con el tratamiento Test en sustrato A. Es decir, sin tratamiento pregerminativo alguno para las semillas del roble sabana presenta una alta viabilidad en vivero de la finca forestal.
The objective of this study is to compare three pre-germinative treatments with water at different temperatures and two types of substrates as an economic and practical alternative to conventional techniques such as scarification, stratification or the use of chemicals. The treatments were applied to the seeds of Schizolobium parahyba (Gallinazo), Tectona grandis (Teak) and Tabebuia rosea (Roble sabana), which present a high resistant, resistant and almost null seed coast, respectively, with the intention of breaking their period of dormancy and stimulate its germination. The trial was carried out in the forest nursery of the EARTH University, in wooden germination boxes with a separation of 20 cm2 x 30 cm2 for each experimental unit. The treatments were the control (Test), hot water at 40 °C (T1), 70 °C (T2), and 100 °C (T3) plus two types of substrate; sand (A) and sand+peat (A+S). After being treated, the seeds were submerged in a fungicide solution (VITAVAX 300) and 20 seeds were planted for each experimental unit with three repetitions. Irrigation was collected, and data was recorded every Wednesday and Saturday, from day 6 to day 42 after sowing. For S. parahyba, the results were obtained only with the treatment T3, being the best of them in the substrate A, while in the substrate A+S it reached a lower percentage of germination in a longer time. The seeds of T. rosea were better stimulated in the treatment T1 in substrate A+S with the greater capacity of germination, followed by the treatment Test in substrate A where, despite having a slightly lower germination capacity, it did so in a shorter time. Finally, for the seeds of T. rosea, a better response was shown in their capacity and germination time with the Test treatment on the substrate A. That is, without any pre-germinative treatment for the seeds of the T. rosea it has a high viability in the nursery of the forest estate.
The objective of this study is to compare three pre-germinative treatments with water at different temperatures and two types of substrates as an economic and practical alternative to conventional techniques such as scarification, stratification or the use of chemicals. The treatments were applied to the seeds of Schizolobium parahyba (Gallinazo), Tectona grandis (Teak) and Tabebuia rosea (Roble sabana), which present a high resistant, resistant and almost null seed coast, respectively, with the intention of breaking their period of dormancy and stimulate its germination. The trial was carried out in the forest nursery of the EARTH University, in wooden germination boxes with a separation of 20 cm2 x 30 cm2 for each experimental unit. The treatments were the control (Test), hot water at 40 °C (T1), 70 °C (T2), and 100 °C (T3) plus two types of substrate; sand (A) and sand+peat (A+S). After being treated, the seeds were submerged in a fungicide solution (VITAVAX 300) and 20 seeds were planted for each experimental unit with three repetitions. Irrigation was collected, and data was recorded every Wednesday and Saturday, from day 6 to day 42 after sowing. For S. parahyba, the results were obtained only with the treatment T3, being the best of them in the substrate A, while in the substrate A+S it reached a lower percentage of germination in a longer time. The seeds of T. rosea were better stimulated in the treatment T1 in substrate A+S with the greater capacity of germination, followed by the treatment Test in substrate A where, despite having a slightly lower germination capacity, it did so in a shorter time. Finally, for the seeds of T. rosea, a better response was shown in their capacity and germination time with the Test treatment on the substrate A. That is, without any pre-germinative treatment for the seeds of the T. rosea it has a high viability in the nursery of the forest estate.
Descripción
Palabras clave
ARBOLES MADERABLES, GERMINACION DE LA SEMILLA, SCHIZOLOBIUM PARAHYBUM, TECTONA GRANDIS, TABEBUIA ROSEA