Quantifying resistance to drought and nutrients in two varieties of maize (Zea mays)
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2016-12
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Universidad EARTH
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La sequía relacionada al cambio climático ha aumentado durante el último siglo, aumentando las demandas de agua y la evapotranspiración de las plantas, poniendo gran énfasis en los principales cultivos incluyendo arroz, trigo y maíz que juegan un papel importante para mantener la seguridad alimentaria.En esta investigación se evaluó la resistencia potencial a la sequia relacionado al cambio climático y nutrientes en dos variedades de maíz (Zea mays), en donde los objectivos fueron identificar el potencial de los variedades para tolerar la deficiencia de agua y mantener crecimiento. Además, verificar si la disponibilidad de nutrientes, especialmente nitrógeno y fósforo, puede tener algún efecto en ayudar a las plantas para soportar los estreses relacionadas a la deficiencia de agua. Se cultivaron dos variedades de maíz (Zea mays v. EJN2 y LD8843) en condiciones controladas en una serie de rizotrones de plexiglás transparente. El diseño experimental consistió en cuatro tratamientos en un diseño de bloques completos al azar en donde se recolectaron datos del potencial hídrico de las hojas, la biomasa subterránea (BGB), la biomasa aérea (AGB) y la longitud de la raíz. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron mediante un análisis de varianza y prueba post hoc de Tukey en el paquete estadístico InfoStat. Los dos variedades de maíz demuestraron la capacidad fisiológica para tolerar condiciones de sequía. El potencial hídrico de las hojas en tratamientos que tenía baja cantidad de agua indicó reducciones de turgencia de agua asociadas a la tolerancia al estrés por sequía, pero estas reducciones no fueron lo suficientemente extremas como para reducir el crecimiento. El crecimiento, medido por AGB, BGB y longitud de la raíz, mostró que había una gran cantidad de similitud entre las mayorías de los tratamientos.
Climate change related drought has increased during the last century, increasing plants water demands and evapotranspiration, putting great stress on principal crops including rice, wheat and maize that play crucial role to maintain food security. This experiment evaluated the potential resistance to climate change related droughts and nutrients of two maize (Zea mays) varieties, where the objectives were to identify the potential of two varieties to tolerate water deficiency and maintain growth. Further, to verify whether nutrients availability, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, can help plants to withstand water deficiency related stresses. Two varieties of maize (Zea mays v. EJN2 and LD8843) were grown under controlled conditions in a series of rhizotrons made of transparent plexiglass. The experimental design consisted of four treatments in a randomized complete block design where data on leaf water potential, below ground biomass (BGB), above ground biomass (AGB) and root length were collected. Statistical analyses were performed using an analysis of variance and post hoc Tukeys test in the statistical package InfoStat. Both varieties of maize demonstrated physiological capacity to tolerate drought conditions. The leaf water potential in low water treatments indicated water turgor reductions associated with drought stress tolerance, but these reductions were not extreme enough to reduce the growth. Growth as measured by AGB, BGB and root length, showed a large amount of similarity among the majorities of treatments.
Climate change related drought has increased during the last century, increasing plants water demands and evapotranspiration, putting great stress on principal crops including rice, wheat and maize that play crucial role to maintain food security. This experiment evaluated the potential resistance to climate change related droughts and nutrients of two maize (Zea mays) varieties, where the objectives were to identify the potential of two varieties to tolerate water deficiency and maintain growth. Further, to verify whether nutrients availability, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, can help plants to withstand water deficiency related stresses. Two varieties of maize (Zea mays v. EJN2 and LD8843) were grown under controlled conditions in a series of rhizotrons made of transparent plexiglass. The experimental design consisted of four treatments in a randomized complete block design where data on leaf water potential, below ground biomass (BGB), above ground biomass (AGB) and root length were collected. Statistical analyses were performed using an analysis of variance and post hoc Tukeys test in the statistical package InfoStat. Both varieties of maize demonstrated physiological capacity to tolerate drought conditions. The leaf water potential in low water treatments indicated water turgor reductions associated with drought stress tolerance, but these reductions were not extreme enough to reduce the growth. Growth as measured by AGB, BGB and root length, showed a large amount of similarity among the majorities of treatments.
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MAIZ, ZEA MAYS, ESTRES DE AGUA, RESISTENCIA A LA SEQUIA