Evaluación de tres métodos de preservación de bambú (Guadua angustifolia) a través de la medición de propiedades fisicomecánicas.
Fecha
2018-12
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Universidad EARTH
Resumen
El bambú no se lo utiliza óptimamente para obtener su máximo aprovechamiento. Por lo tanto, es de suma importancia fomentar los conocimientos sobre el uso de los recursos naturales que tenemos en el planeta, ya que es de una gran ayuda reducir los impactos ambientales y de alguna u otra manera lograr cambiar la perspectiva en cómo se ven estos recursos con el fin de crear un mundo mejor, de menos consumismo en el cual le demos uso a las riquezas naturales y buscar alternativas beneficiosas tanto para la humanidad como para garantizar la conservación del medio ambiente. El siguiente estudio se basó en realizar tres métodos de preservación de la especie de bambú Guadua angustifolia que fueron evaluadas a través de la medición de propiedades físicomecánicas las cuales son: Ensayo de resistencia a la compresión paralela a la fibra de bambú, ensayo de resistencia a la compresión horizontal a la fibra de bambú y la determinación del contenido de humedad. El proyecto inició en el área del bambusal, en donde se realizó la cosecha de bambú y del mismo modo se determinó las propiedades fisicoquímicas que intervienen en el proceso de crecimiento y maduración del bambú a través de un análisis químico regular del suelo. La mayor parte del proyecto se llevó a cabo en el aserradero, en donde se realizó los diferentes métodos de preservación del bambú (Método tradicional, método de Inmersión y método Boucherie modificado (desplazamiento de savia)). Finalmente, los ensayos físicosmecánicos se realizaron en la compañía “Chiquita” ubicada en Guácimo, ya que en esta área se usó la prensa hidráulica para realizar los ensayos de resistencia a la compresión paralela y horizontal a la fibra de bambú. Básicamente, en el proyecto se utilizaron varias herramientas y productos como: máquina Boucherie, prensa hidráulica, ácido bórico y pentaborato de sodio. Con esta información, se logró obtener los resultados los cuales indican que a concentraciones del 5 % usando ácido bórico y Pentaborato de sodio, en el método de inmersión con cuidados en condiciones bajo techo luego de soportar 26 662,7 libras de presión en 69,7 segundos, nos demuestra que es el método más favorable, por lo tanto, esto hace que aumente el tiempo de vida y la calidad del bambú para llevar a cabo proyectos y construcciones proporcionando mayor confianza en el uso de este recurso natural renovable. En síntesis, el uso de las sustancias como es el ácido bórico y pentaborato de sodio son apropiadas para aumentar el tiempo de vida y la resistencia del bambú mediante la preservación por el método de Inmersión.
Bamboo is not optimally used to obtain the maximum utilization. Thus, to promote knowledge about the use of natural resources on this planet it is meaningful to reduce the environment impacts and in one or another way achieve to change the perspective and points of view about how these resources are viewed in order to create a better world, with less consumerism in which we use natural resources and seek beneficial alternatives both for humanity to ensure the conservation of the environment. The project presented below details three methods of preservation with the bamboo specie Guadua angustifolia, that were evaluated through the measurement of mechanical physical properties. The following study was based on three methods of preservation of the Guadua angustifolia bamboo specie that were evaluated through the measurement of mechanical physical properties which are: Test of resistance to compression parallel to bamboo fiber, resistance test to horizontal compression to bamboo fiber and moisture content test. The projects began in the bamboo harvest area, where the bamboo harvest was carried out and in the same way the chemical physical properties involved in the process of growth and maturation of the bamboo were determined through a regular chemical analysis of the soil. Most of the project was carried out at the sawmill, where the different bamboo preservation methods were made (Traditional method, Immersion method and modified Boucherie method (sap displacement). Finally, the mechanical physical tests were carried out in "Chiquita" company located in Guácimo, since in this area the hydraulic press was used to perform the horizontal and parallel compressive strength tests on bamboo fiber. Several tools and products were used, such as: hydraulic press, Boucherie machine, boric acid and sodium pentaborate. The results indicate that at concentration of 5 % using boric acid and sodium pentaborate, in the immersion method with care in internal conditions after support 26 662,7 pounds of pressure in 69,7 seconds, it shows that it is the most favorable method, therefore, this increases the life time and the quality of the bamboo to carry out projects and constructions, providing greater confidence in the use of this renewable natural resource. In summary, the use of substances such as boric acid and sodium pentaborate are appropriate to increase the life time and quality of the bamboo by means of preservation by the immersion method.
Bamboo is not optimally used to obtain the maximum utilization. Thus, to promote knowledge about the use of natural resources on this planet it is meaningful to reduce the environment impacts and in one or another way achieve to change the perspective and points of view about how these resources are viewed in order to create a better world, with less consumerism in which we use natural resources and seek beneficial alternatives both for humanity to ensure the conservation of the environment. The project presented below details three methods of preservation with the bamboo specie Guadua angustifolia, that were evaluated through the measurement of mechanical physical properties. The following study was based on three methods of preservation of the Guadua angustifolia bamboo specie that were evaluated through the measurement of mechanical physical properties which are: Test of resistance to compression parallel to bamboo fiber, resistance test to horizontal compression to bamboo fiber and moisture content test. The projects began in the bamboo harvest area, where the bamboo harvest was carried out and in the same way the chemical physical properties involved in the process of growth and maturation of the bamboo were determined through a regular chemical analysis of the soil. Most of the project was carried out at the sawmill, where the different bamboo preservation methods were made (Traditional method, Immersion method and modified Boucherie method (sap displacement). Finally, the mechanical physical tests were carried out in "Chiquita" company located in Guácimo, since in this area the hydraulic press was used to perform the horizontal and parallel compressive strength tests on bamboo fiber. Several tools and products were used, such as: hydraulic press, Boucherie machine, boric acid and sodium pentaborate. The results indicate that at concentration of 5 % using boric acid and sodium pentaborate, in the immersion method with care in internal conditions after support 26 662,7 pounds of pressure in 69,7 seconds, it shows that it is the most favorable method, therefore, this increases the life time and the quality of the bamboo to carry out projects and constructions, providing greater confidence in the use of this renewable natural resource. In summary, the use of substances such as boric acid and sodium pentaborate are appropriate to increase the life time and quality of the bamboo by means of preservation by the immersion method.
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BAMBUES, GUADUA ANGUSTIFOLIA, PRESERVACION, PROPIEDADES FISICAS