Desarrollo de productos osmoreguladores para mejorar la calidad de agua de pipa (Cocos nucifera L.).
Fecha
2018-12
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Universidad EARTH
Resumen
El agua de coco se ha convertido en una alternativa saludable de mayor importancia dentro de las bebidas hidratantes para los deportistas. Este trabajo se enfocó en el desarrollo de las técnicas para mejorar la calidad de agua de pipa. Se utilizaron tres métodos para este propósito: a) sumersión de pipas en electrolitos con diferentes concentraciones, b) inyección de sales en las pipas jóvenes en campo y c) fertilización con sales y silicio la planta de coco. En cuanto a la sumersión de las pipas en soluciones saladas, se notó diferencias estadísticamente significativas en todas las variables medidas entre tratamientos (p≤0.05). Se obtuvo incrementos en el contenido de los electrolitos especialmente Na+ , K+ y Mg2+. En el experimento de la inyección de las pipas con las sales no se obtuvieron resultados esperados debido a que los cocos jóvenes presentaron una pudrición interna. En el caso de la aplicación de enmiendas, la acidez extractable del suelo bajó de 1.00 cmol (+) /kg a 0.20 cmol (+) /kg después de la aplicación con la enmienda desarrollada lo cual es positivo porque alta acidez extractable es perjudicial al cultivo del cocotero. Además, hubo un aumento en macroelementos tales como K y P los cuales son indispensables para el crecimiento del cultivo y la dulzura del agua de pipa. Otros elementos como Na, Si, Zn y Cu tuvieron aumentos en sus niveles después de la aplicación y finalmente Fe y Mn sufrieron una reducción de nivel lo que es una buena respuesta ya que altos niveles de estos elementos pueden causar problemas al cultivo. Basado en esta investigación podemos deducir que la sumersión de pipas en agua con osmoreguladores por un periodo de tres días produce un incremento en grados Brix, pH, conductividad eléctrica, presión osmótica, Na+ , K+ , Ca2+, Mg 2+ y osmolaridad. También se puede ajustar el plan de fertilización con Na, K y Si en campo para conseguir pipa con un mejor balance de electrolitos.
Coconut water has become a healthy alternative of greater importance in sports drinks for athletes. Emerging studies are looking for alternatives to extend its shelf life since its properties are lost quickly. This work focused on the development of techniques to improve the quality of coconut water. Three methods were used for this purpose: a) submersion of coconut fruits in electrolytes with different concentrations, b) injection of salts in the juvenile coconut fruits in the field and c) fertilization with salts and silicon on the coconut plant. Regarding the submersion of the coconut fruits in salty solutions, statistically significant differences in all measured variables between treatments were obtained (p≤0.05). Increases in the content of the electrolytes were obtained especially Na+ , K+ and Mg2+. In the experiment of the injection of the juvenile coconut fruits with the salts, expected results were not obtained because the juvenile coconuts presented an internal rot. In the case of the application of fertilizer, the extractable acidity of the soil was lowered from 1.00 cmol (+) /kg to 0.20 cmol (+) /kg after the application with the fertilizer developed, which is positive because high extractable acidity is harmful to the coconut tree. In addition, there was an increase in macroelements such as K and P which are indispensable for the growth of the coconut tree and the sweetness of the coconut water. Other elements such as Na, Si, Zn and Cu had increases in their levels after the application and finally Fe and Mn suffered a level reduction which is a good response since high levels of these elements can cause problems to the crop. Based on this research we can deduce that the submersion of coconut fruits in water with osmoregulators for a period of 3 days leads to an increase in Brix, pH, electrical conductivity, osmotic pressure, Na+ , K+ , Ca2+, Mg2+ and osmolarity. You can also adjust the fertilization plan with Na, K and Si in the field to obtain a coconut fruit with a better electrolyte balance.
Coconut water has become a healthy alternative of greater importance in sports drinks for athletes. Emerging studies are looking for alternatives to extend its shelf life since its properties are lost quickly. This work focused on the development of techniques to improve the quality of coconut water. Three methods were used for this purpose: a) submersion of coconut fruits in electrolytes with different concentrations, b) injection of salts in the juvenile coconut fruits in the field and c) fertilization with salts and silicon on the coconut plant. Regarding the submersion of the coconut fruits in salty solutions, statistically significant differences in all measured variables between treatments were obtained (p≤0.05). Increases in the content of the electrolytes were obtained especially Na+ , K+ and Mg2+. In the experiment of the injection of the juvenile coconut fruits with the salts, expected results were not obtained because the juvenile coconuts presented an internal rot. In the case of the application of fertilizer, the extractable acidity of the soil was lowered from 1.00 cmol (+) /kg to 0.20 cmol (+) /kg after the application with the fertilizer developed, which is positive because high extractable acidity is harmful to the coconut tree. In addition, there was an increase in macroelements such as K and P which are indispensable for the growth of the coconut tree and the sweetness of the coconut water. Other elements such as Na, Si, Zn and Cu had increases in their levels after the application and finally Fe and Mn suffered a level reduction which is a good response since high levels of these elements can cause problems to the crop. Based on this research we can deduce that the submersion of coconut fruits in water with osmoregulators for a period of 3 days leads to an increase in Brix, pH, electrical conductivity, osmotic pressure, Na+ , K+ , Ca2+, Mg2+ and osmolarity. You can also adjust the fertilization plan with Na, K and Si in the field to obtain a coconut fruit with a better electrolyte balance.
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PRODUCTOS DE COCO, COCO, COCOS NUCIFERA, AGUA, OSMOREGULACION