Uso de banano y plátano para la elaboración de harina.
Fecha
2017-12
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Universidad EARTH
Resumen
El cultivo del plátano y banano se ve amenazado por la constante evolución o incremento poblacional de plagas que afectan el rendimiento, esto ha llevado a la obtención de variedades comestibles que poseen resistencia genética a diferentes enfermedades pero que muchas veces no pueden ser explotadas comercialmente por diversas características que éstas presentan, entre los beneficios que se obtiene explotando estas variedades es que fácilmente se puede alcanzar un producto 100 % orgánico. Para lograr el aprovechamiento comercial y nutricional de estas variedades de musa, se presenta como alternativa la elaboración de harina, está puede ser utilizada como materia prima para la elaboración de otros subproductos. En el presente trabajo se elaboró una harina utilizando variedades de musa no comercializables como: FHIA-3, FHIA-18, Cardaba y Saba con las cuales se elaboró dos productos (colada y galletas de mantequilla) aptos para el consumo humano, en el caso de las galletas, su proceso se realizó sustituyendo la harina de trigo por la harina de banano y plátano. Los resultados muestran que en los rendimientos de la harina oscilaron entre 11,39 % en la variedad FHIA-18 y 21,25 % con la variedad Saba. En la evaluación de los productos realizados a base de la harina de plátano y banano estuvieron involucrados panelistas de diferentes países, los resultados obtenidos en la colada la variedad cardaba mostró niveles de aceptación que van desde 76 % hasta 80 % en la aprobación del producto, las galletas elaboradas a base de este producto mostraron una mayor aceptación ya que en todos los tratamientos se obtuvo un nivel de aceptación que va desde 76 % hasta un 83 %. Se concluye que la elaboración de harina con variedades no comerciables de plátano y banano presenta una alternativa viable para la elaboración de subproductos elaborados a base de harina de estas variedades y estos a su vez presentan una alternativa alimentaria para la población.
Plantain and banana cultivation is threatened by the constant evolution or population increase of pests that affect yield, this has led to the use of edible varieties that have genetic resistance to different diseases that often times cannot be exploited commercially due to the diverse characteristics that they present, among the benefits obtained by exploiting these varieties is that you can easily achieve a 100% organic product. To achieve the commercial and nutritional use of these varieties of musa, flour is presented as an alternative, it can be used as a raw material for the elaboration of other by-products. In the present work flour was elaborated using non-tradable varieties of muse like: FHIA-3, FHIA-18, Cardaba and Saba with which two products were elaborated (colada and butter cookies) suitable for human consumption; in the case of the cookies, the process was carried out by replacing the wheat flour with the banana and plantain flour. The results show that the flour yields ranged between 11.39% with the FHIA-18 variety and 21.25% with the Saba variety. In the evaluation of products made from plantain and banana flour, panelists from different countries were involved. The results obtained from the panel were that the Cardaba variety showed levels of acceptance ranging from 76% to 80%. In the approval of the product, cookies made from this product showed greater acceptance since in all treatments an acceptance level was obtained, ranging from 76% to 83%. It is concluded that the production of flour with non-tradable varieties of plantain and banana presents a viable alternative for the elaboration of flour-based by-products with these varieties and this in turn presents an alternative food option for the population.
Plantain and banana cultivation is threatened by the constant evolution or population increase of pests that affect yield, this has led to the use of edible varieties that have genetic resistance to different diseases that often times cannot be exploited commercially due to the diverse characteristics that they present, among the benefits obtained by exploiting these varieties is that you can easily achieve a 100% organic product. To achieve the commercial and nutritional use of these varieties of musa, flour is presented as an alternative, it can be used as a raw material for the elaboration of other by-products. In the present work flour was elaborated using non-tradable varieties of muse like: FHIA-3, FHIA-18, Cardaba and Saba with which two products were elaborated (colada and butter cookies) suitable for human consumption; in the case of the cookies, the process was carried out by replacing the wheat flour with the banana and plantain flour. The results show that the flour yields ranged between 11.39% with the FHIA-18 variety and 21.25% with the Saba variety. In the evaluation of products made from plantain and banana flour, panelists from different countries were involved. The results obtained from the panel were that the Cardaba variety showed levels of acceptance ranging from 76% to 80%. In the approval of the product, cookies made from this product showed greater acceptance since in all treatments an acceptance level was obtained, ranging from 76% to 83%. It is concluded that the production of flour with non-tradable varieties of plantain and banana presents a viable alternative for the elaboration of flour-based by-products with these varieties and this in turn presents an alternative food option for the population.
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HARINA DE BANANO, PLATANO, PROCESAMIENTO DE ALIMENTOS, GALLETAS, BANANOS